Dados do Trabalho

Título

Detection of co-cirulation of Chikungunya, dengue and Zika virus in fild-collected culicids in São José do Rio Preto/SP

Introdução

Arboviral diseases, transmitted by mosquitoes, represent a significant challenge for public health in Brazil, which is considered an epicenter of emerging and re-emerging arboviruses, and recurring epidemics in several regions. The city of São José do Rio Preto, located in the Northwest of São Paulo state, has a wide circulation of several arboviruses, which highlights the importance of entomological surveillance to assist the implementation of control interventions to interrupt the transmission cycle or minimize new epidemics in endemic regions.

Objetivo (s)

Considering this, here we aimed to investigate medically important arboviruses in field-collected culicids during the epidemic and inter-epidemic periods 2023/2024, in an area showing a high incidence of arboviruses and recurrent epidemics.

Material e Métodos

Thus, adult mosquitoes were collected monthly, from October 2023 to April 2024, from 45 collection spots in the city of São José do Rio Preto. The mosquitoes were identified, total RNA was extracted and RT-qPCR were performed in order to detect DENV 1-4, ZIKV and CHIKV. 

Resultados e Conclusão

A total of 676 mosquitoes were collected, of which 45 (6.6%) were positive for at least one arbovirus. The majority of positive samples were associated with the Chikungunya virus (91.1%), while there was a low detection of Flavivirus, with three cases positive for dengue serotypes 1, 2 and 3, and one sample positive for the Zika virus. Among the mosquitoes infected with CHIKV, 48.8% were females and 34.2% were males of Ae. aegypti; 4.9% were females of Ae. albopictus, while 7.3% and 4.9% were detected in females and males of Culex sp. respectively. Regarding the four flaviviruses detected, all were found in Ae. aegypti, with 75% in females (ZIKV, DENV1 and DENV3) and 25% in males (DENV2). It is important to highlight that the presence of different arboviruses in male and females suggests the presence of mechanisms such as vertical transmission or sexual transmission in nature, which might indicate that these arboviruses are well adapted in these populations. Our findings showed a worrying scenario in São José do Rio Preto, marked by the cocirculation of several arboviruses, reinforcing the importance of entomological surveillance and the need to implement more effective control measures, to interrupt the transmission cycle and reduce the impact new epidemics.

Palavras Chave

arboviruses; epidemics; entomological surveillance.