Dados do Trabalho

Título

Contribution of Immunoglobulin G (IgG) to the Immunological Defense against Leishmaniases

Introdução

Leishmaniases comprise a group of diseases caused by protozoa belonging to the genus Leishmania. Clinical manifestations include Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL), Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL), or Mucocutaneous Leishmaniasis (ML), depending mainly on the specific causative species. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) is a predominant antibody in the secondary immune response and plays a crucial role in defense against pathogens. In cases of leishmaniasis, they act in the regulation of the immune response, influencing the production of cytokines and recruiting different cells of the immune system against these infections. Therefore, understanding the different IgG responses can be explored for the development of immunomodulatory therapies aimed at enhancing the host's immune response against Leishmania, which may include the use of monoclonal antibodies or immunotherapy specifically targeting IgG response modulation. 

Objetivo (s)

In view of this, this review aimed to systematically gather data on the different factors that influence the role of IgG immunoglobulins during the different infections caused by Leishmania ssp.

Material e Métodos

Fifteen articles were identified, of which seven were selected. The search used the following descriptors through Google Scholar: "Leishmaniasis," "Humoral Response," "Immunoglobulins," "Diagnosis." PUBMED, Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), ScienceDirect, and Frontier were employed as secondary sources of research. The inclusion criteria adopted in the search and selection of articles encompassed studies addressing the theme, fully available online, with no accessibility restrictions, published in English or Portuguese, from 2010 to 2024.

Resultados e Conclusão

It was observed that anti-Leishmania IgG responses may be associated with different clinical forms and stages of the disease, which can trigger protective or even susceptibility-promoting production for the infectious agent. It is therefore concluded that there is a shortage of studies targeting IgG antibodies and their subtypes in order to unravel the true role of this immunoglobulin in different cases of leishmaniasis.

Palavras Chave

Marker; Antibodies; infection; diagnosis; Parasites