Dados do Trabalho

Título

Increase in invasive pneumococcal disease due to Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 19A in Salvador, 2019-2024

Introdução

In 2010, Brazil introduced the ten-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV10GSK) into the national infant immunization program for children under 5. Identifying the serotypes responsible for invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) is crucial for assessing the impact of PCV10GSK and anticipating the potential effects of future pneumococcal vaccines.

Objetivo (s)

Identify the serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae in invasive disease cases and assess the potential impact of newly available pneumococcal vaccines.

Material e Métodos

This study evaluated culture-positive IPD cases from patients of all ages between January 1, 2019, and April 30, 2023. Capsular types were determined using 8 sequential multiplex PCR assays covering 70 serotypes.

Resultados e Conclusão

A total of 54 IPD cases were identified. The median age of patients was 28.8 years, with 52% male. The most common serotype was 19A (48%), followed by serotypes 8 (7.4%) and 15B/C (7.4%). For vaccine-covered serotypes, the proportions were as follows: PCV10 GSK (5%), PCV13 (57%), PCV15 (59%), PCV20 (79%), PCV10-SII (48%), and non-vaccine serotypes (18%). Serotype 19A remains a significant cause of IPD in Salvador, particularly among children under 5 years old. Newer pneumococcal conjugate vaccines, including PCV10 SII, may provide additional protection against circulating serotypes in Brazil. Ongoing surveillance is essential to monitor the prevalence of these serotypes.

Palavras Chave

Invasive pneumococcal disease; pneumococcal conjugate vaccine; Streptococcus pneumoniae; 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine